Friars balsam is an old ‘grandmas’ remedy that is really good to apply before using tape as it sticks better.
Friars Balsam, also known as Compound Benzoin Tincture, is a medicinal substance derived from the benzoin tree (Styrax benzoin). It has been used for centuries as an herbal remedy for various respiratory and skin conditions.
Composition: It is composed of benzoin resin, which is obtained from the bark of the benzoin tree. The resin is typically mixed with alcohol (usually ethanol) to create a tincture.
Traditional Uses: Friars Balsam has a long history of use in traditional medicine. It has been employed as an expectorant to help relieve coughs and respiratory congestion. Additionally, it has been used topically as a mild antiseptic and protective agent for minor cuts, abrasions, and skin irritations.
Inhalation Therapy: Friars Balsam is often used in inhalation therapy to help alleviate symptoms of respiratory conditions such as bronchitis and congestion. It is added to hot water or a vaporizer, and the steam is inhaled to help soothe the airways and loosen mucus.
Wound Healing: When applied topically, Friars Balsam forms a protective barrier on the skin and can aid in wound healing. It may have mild antiseptic properties and can provide a soothing effect on minor skin irritations.
Aromatherapy: The pleasant aromatic scent of Friars Balsam has made it popular in aromatherapy practices. It is sometimes used in diffusers or added to bathwater to create a relaxing and soothing atmosphere.
Veterinary Use: Friars Balsam has also found applications in veterinary medicine. It may be used in animal wound care to aid in healing and provide a protective barrier.
Caution and Allergy: While it is generally considered safe for topical use, it can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in some individuals. It is always recommended to perform a patch test before applying it to a larger area of the skin.
FAQ’s on Friars Balsam
What is Friars Balsam?
It is a dark brown, alcohol-based tincture containing benzoin (from Styrax trees, typically Sumatra benzoin), prepared storax (from Liquidambar trees), and often aloes (and sometimes tolu balsam in other compound formulations). It is also called Compound Benzoin Tincture (CBT) or TBCo.
What is it used for?
- Inhalation: To relieve symptoms of colds, nasal congestion, and upper respiratory issues. The aromatic vapours act as a mild decongestant/expectorant.
- Topical: As a mild antiseptic dressing for minor cuts, abrasions, or chapped skin. It forms a protective film as it dries.
- Other traditional uses: Enhancing adhesion of tapes/dressings (by making skin stickier and protecting it), treating chilblains, or packing nail grooves in podiatry. Evidence for many historical uses is limited or anecdotal.
How do I use it as an inhalant?
Add one 5 ml spoonful (or about 5–10 ml depending on product instructions) to about 500–568 ml (roughly 1 pint) of hot but not boiling water. Lean over the bowl (optionally with a towel over your head), and inhale the steamy vapour. Repeat after 4 hours if needed. Suitable for adults, the elderly, and children over 3 months (not under 3 months for inhalation). Always supervise children closely due to scald risk from hot water.
How do I use it on the skin?
Apply undiluted to the affected area twice daily as a mild antiseptic. For adhesive enhancement (e.g., under tape or dressings), clean the skin, apply a thin layer, allow it to dry for 30–60 seconds (it becomes less sticky when fully dry), then apply the tape/dressing. Avoid open wounds if possible when using for adhesion, and it can sting on broken skin due to the alcohol content.
What are the ingredients?
Typical composition (varies slightly by brand/formulation, e.g., BP standard):
- Prepared storax ≈ 10% w/v
- Sumatra benzoin (crushed/ground) ≈ 10% w/v
- Aloes (powdered)
- Ethanol (high percentage, often ~70%+ v/v) and purified water
Some versions include tolu balsam.
Is it safe? What are the side effects and precautions?
- For external use only — never swallow it. Accidental ingestion can cause severe burning in the mouth due to alcohol and bitter resins.
- Main side effects: Allergic contact dermatitis (itching, rash, eczema). Frequent use may cause skin dryness or irritation. People sensitive to benzoin, storax, balsams, or fragrances are at higher risk.
- Highly flammable — keep away from naked flames.
- Not for children under 3 months as an inhalant.
- Pregnancy/breastfeeding: Use as directed is not considered likely to cause problems, but ask a doctor or pharmacist first.
Can children use it?
Yes for those over 3 months (as per many product labels) for both inhalation and topical use, but steam inhalation carries a scald risk, so adult supervision is essential. Some sources advise extra caution or medical advice for younger children.
Why has it been discontinued or become hard to find in some places?
In some countries (e.g., parts of Australia or certain UK brands), availability has decreased because demand fell, modern hypoallergenic tapes reduced the need for it as a tape primer, and commercial production became less economical. It has not been widely withdrawn for safety reasons and remains available from various suppliers (including online and some pharmacies) under names like Gold Cross, Care, or generic Compound Benzoin Tincture. Check local pharmacies or specialist suppliers.
Does it really help with colds or congestion?
It has a long traditional reputation for easing cold symptoms via aromatic steam inhalation. Official indications in places like the UK support its use as an inhalant for cold symptom relief and as a mild antiseptic. Modern clinical evidence is limited compared with contemporary treatments, but many people still find the vapour helpful for congestion.
Can it be used for blisters or under casts/tape?
Yes — it is commonly used (especially by athletes, hikers, and in some medical settings) to improve tape/bandage adhesion, protect skin, and act as a mild antiseptic. In some military or sports contexts, it has been used on drained blisters. Allow it to dry fully before covering.