Congenital vertical talus is a condition present at birth that causes a very rigid flat foot.
Congenital vertical talus, also known as congenital convex pes valgus or congenital rocker-bottom foot, is a rare foot deformity that is present at birth. It is characterized by a rigid and fixed dorsiflexion of the talus bone (the bone in the ankle) and a prominent convexity of the sole of the foot, resembling a rocker-bottom shape.
Symptoms: The primary symptoms of congenital vertical talus include a visible convexity of the sole of the foot, a rigid or stiff foot, and limited or absent ability to move the foot up and down. The deformity can cause pain, difficulty with walking, and may lead to associated conditions like calluses, skin irritation, or ulcers.
Causes: The exact cause of congenital vertical talus is not fully understood. However, it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It can sometimes be associated with underlying conditions such as arthrogryposis, spina bifida, or genetic syndromes like trisomy 18 or trisomy 21 (Down syndrome).
Diagnosis: Congenital vertical talus is typically diagnosed shortly after birth or during infancy based on the physical appearance of the foot and limited range of motion. Imaging tests such as X-rays may be used to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the severity of the deformity.
Treatment: The main goal of treatment for congenital vertical talus is to correct the foot deformity and improve function. Non-surgical treatment options include gentle stretching exercises, manipulation, and casting to gradually realign the foot. However, surgery is often necessary to achieve a lasting correction. Surgical procedures involve releasing tight structures, realigning the bones, and stabilizing the foot with the use of pins, screws, or plates.
Follow-up care: After treatment, regular follow-up visits with a healthcare professional, such as a pediatric orthopedic surgeon, are important to monitor the foot’s progress and address any potential issues. Physical therapy and orthotic devices may be recommended to aid in rehabilitation and support proper foot function.
The prognosis for congenital vertical talus is generally good with appropriate treatment. Early intervention is crucial to prevent complications and optimize foot function